Some businesses (including farms) are responsible for end-of-life management of primary packaging and packaging-like materials they bring into Ontario.

Ontario has adopted a Individual Producer Responsibility (IPR) waste management framework, to replace municipal waste management, whereby industrial waste material stewards reported the materials they brought into Ontario, and paid fees to help cover end of life material management. Stewardship programs determined funding entitlements each municipality or First Nations community received for their waste management programs.